Lemons and limes
0· no cut expectedCropUSDA: 124,000 t in 2025/26, down 0% on last year, 1% of the world's
TradeExports 10,000 t; imports 140,000 t, 6% of the world's
NewsNo reports in our sources in the last 14 days
Commodity watch · updated Nov 13, 7:44 AM EST
Saudi Arabia: commodities
For every crop USDA forecasts and every country that matters for it: USDA's crop outlook, the weather forecast over the main growing regions at the crop's stage, trade, prices and hedge funds' bets, and how much our sources are saying about it. A plain score from 0 to 100 says how much the supply looks at risk, and when the risk is real but the news is quiet, the watch raises a flag. Now: 800 cards for 62 commodities, 5 flagged.
Chicken
0· no cut expectedCropUSDA: 1.3 million t in 2027, up 1.6% on last year, 1% of the world's
TradeExports 110,000 t; imports 575,000 t, 5% of the world's
MarketChicken $1.84/kg in October, up 1.7% on the month, up 7% on the year, the highest since May 2026
NewsNo reports in our sources in the last 14 days
Barley
0· no cut expectedCropUSDA: 12,000 t in 2026/27, down 0% on last year
TradeImports 4.9 million t, 16% of the world's
News1 report in our sources in the last 14 days
CropUSDA expects no oranges crop to speak of in 2025/26
TradeExports 15,000 t; imports 400,000 t, 9% of the world's
MarketOrange $0.75/kg in October, down 5.1% on the month, down 28.6% on the year, the lowest since February 2022
News3 reports in our sources in the last 14 days
Bought from the US
USDA's weekly export sales, the week to October 29, 2026: new sales less cancellations, and this marketing year's shipments.
| Commodity | This week | Shipped this year |
|---|---|---|
| corn | 51,985 t | 115,665 ta year earlier 51,826 |
| soybeans | 20,913 t | 30,766 ta year earlier 21,871 |
| rice | 1,488 t | 20,060 ta year earlier 24,390 |
| soybean oil | 1 t | 92 ta year earlier 137 |
| sorghum | 0 t | 0 ta year earlier 67,488 |
| soybean meal | 0 t | 33,000 ta year earlier 0 |
| beef | 0 t | 667 ta year earlier 257 |
Who buys its commodities
Its biggest commodity exports (farm, energy, metals) in 2024 and their main buyers, by value (CEPII BACI, January 2026 release, from UN trade statistics; Etalab Open Licence 2.0).
- Crude oil $187 billionChina 26%, South Korea 16%, Japan 15%, India 11%
- DAP fertilizer $2.2 billionIndia 49%, United States 18%, Pakistan 10%, Bangladesh 9.2%
- Gold $1.9 billionSwitzerland 46%, India 26%, United Arab Emirates 22%, Iraq 4.3%
- Urea $1.6 billionThailand 24%, Australia 13%, Bangladesh 13%, India 12%
- Aluminium $815 millionSouth Korea 16%, Japan 15%, Italy 11%, Thailand 10%
- Copper $663 millionChina 95%, Peru 1.9%, Malaysia 0.7%, Egypt 0.4%
- Sugar $599 millionSudan 28%, Jordan 21%, Tanzania 7.1%, United Arab Emirates 6.1%
- Cheese $440 millionUnited Arab Emirates 24%, Kuwait 17%, Iraq 14%, Yemen 12%
- Chicken $211 millionKuwait 39%, United Arab Emirates 29%, Bahrain 22%, Iraq 2.9%
- Lead $178 millionUnited Arab Emirates 36%, Turkey 17%, Pakistan 16%, Singapore 9.9%
Where its commodities come from
Its biggest commodity imports in 2024 and where they come from, by value.
- Gold $8.1 billionSwitzerland 60%, United Arab Emirates 35%, South Africa 3.4%, China 0.7%
- Sugar $2.1 billionBrazil 97%, United Arab Emirates 0.7%, India 0.6%, Bahrain 0.4%
- Rice $1.9 billionIndia 75%, Pakistan 11%, United States 6.9%, Australia 2.9%
- Copper $1.5 billionDem. Rep. of the Congo 57%, Congo 27%, Zambia 6.5%, Poland 4%
- Chicken $1.4 billionBrazil 60%, Russia 14%, Ukraine 11%, France 9.7%
- Wheat $1.3 billionRomania 48%, Russia 46%, Serbia 3.2%, Switzerland 1.4%
- Palm oil $1.2 billionIndonesia 59%, Malaysia 35%, Oman 5.8%, United Arab Emirates 0.1%
- Corn (maize) $1.1 billionArgentina 44%, Brazil 30%, United States 21%, Ukraine 1.4%
- Iron ore $1.1 billionBahrain 57%, Sweden 24%, Oman 14%, Brazil 2.8%
- Beef $992 millionIndia 33%, Brazil 26%, Australia 15%, Pakistan 13%
Prices, October 2026
The World Bank's monthly averages in US dollars (the Pink Sheet, updated November 3), against the month before and a year before. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
| Commodity | Price | Month | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy | |||
| Crude oil, average | 108.5 $/bbl | +6.1% | +72.2% |
| Crude oil, Brent | 125 $/bbl | +7% | +93.2% |
| Crude oil, Dubai | 102.7 $/bbl | +10.1% | +59.7% |
| Crude oil, WTI | 97.7 $/bbl | +0.8% | +62.3% |
| Coal, Australian | 152.3 $/mt | +3.5% | +41.7% |
| Coal, South African | 100 $/mt | +1.8% | +9.2% |
| Natural gas, US | 2.96 $/mmbtu | +0.3% | −7.5% |
| Natural gas, Europe | 28.5 $/mmbtu | +12.1% | +161.7% |
| Liquefied natural gas, Japan | 16.59 $/mmbtu | +2% | +49.5% |
| Natural gas index | 182.7 2010=100 | +8.9% | +86.2% |
| Beverages | |||
| Cocoa | 5.75 $/kg | −2.9% | −3.4% |
| Coffee, Arabica | 7.4 $/kg | +1.9% | −16.9% |
| Coffee, Robusta | 3.63 $/kg | −1.6% | −23.4% |
| Tea, avg 3 auctions | 2.88 $/kg | +0.7% | −4.3% |
| Tea, Colombo | 3.75 $/kg | +0.5% | −4.8% |
| Tea, Kolkata | 2.55 $/kg | +0.8% | −10.8% |
| Tea, Mombasa | 2.33 $/kg | +1.3% | +4.5% |
| Food | |||
| Coconut oil | 2,029 $/mt | −2.4% | −20.3% |
| Groundnuts | 1,600 $/mt | +2.4% | +33.3% |
| Fish meal | 2,840 $/mt | −2.6% | +60.5% |
| Groundnut oil | 1,850 $/mt | −0.5% | +13.6% |
| Palm oil | 1,120 $/mt | −5.1% | +7.9% |
| Palm kernel oil | 2,287 $/mt | −2.9% | +0.6% |
| Soybeans | 515 $/mt | −1.7% | +27.5% |
| Soybean oil | 1,546 $/mt | −4.3% | +36.6% |
| Soybean meal | 453 $/mt | +1.3% | +27.2% |
| Rapeseed oil | 1,405 $/mt | −2.6% | +11.2% |
| Sunflower oil | 1,413 $/mt | +1.4% | +3.7% |
| Barley | 80.4 $/mtAugust 2020 | — | — |
| Maize | 226.5 $/mt | −5.5% | +14.3% |
| Sorghum | 189.5 $/mtAugust 2020 | — | — |
| Rice, Thai 5% | 489 $/mt | +1.5% | +37.4% |
| Rice, Thai 25% | 472 $/mt | +2.4% | +34.5% |
| Rice, Thai A.1 | 467.4 $/mt | −1.2% | +39.1% |
| Rice, Viet Namese 5% | 413.9 $/mt | −1.1% | +13.2% |
| Wheat, US SRW | 260.3 $/mt | −6.6% | +24.4% |
| Wheat, US HRW | 317 $/mt | −8.6% | +37.3% |
| Banana, Europe | 1.1 $/kg | −1.8% | −2.7% |
| Banana, US | 1.18 $/kg | +5.4% | +4.4% |
| Orange | 0.75 $/kg | −5.1% | −28.6% |
| Beef | 6.83 $/kg | −0.4% | −3.7% |
| Chicken | 1.84 $/kg | +1.7% | +7% |
| Lamb | 7.48 $/kg | +3% | +18.2% |
| Shrimps, Mexican | 8.6 $/kgOctober 2023 | — | — |
| Sugar, EU | 0.37 $/kg | −2.6% | −2.6% |
| Sugar, US | 0.92 $/kg | +8.2% | +19.5% |
| Sugar, world | 0.43 $/kg | +4.9% | +26.5% |
| Raw materials | |||
| Tobacco, US import u.v. | 6,775 $/mtJuly 2026 | — | — |
| Logs, Cameroon | 392.1 $/cubic meter | −2.7% | −3.7% |
| Logs, Malaysian | 188.5 $/cubic meter | −0.9% | −4.1% |
| Sawnwood, Cameroon | 636.8 $/cubic meter | −0.9% | −0.5% |
| Sawnwood, Malaysian | 724.3 $/cubic meter | −1% | −0.5% |
| Plywood | 345.8 cents/sheet | −0.9% | −4.1% |
| Cotton, A Index | 2 $/kg | −4.8% | +19% |
| Rubber, TSR20 | 2.55 $/kg | +5.8% | +49.1% |
| Rubber, RSS3 | 2.83 $/kg | +2.9% | +41.5% |
| Fertilizers | |||
| Phosphate rock | 170 $/mt | 0% | +11.5% |
| DAP | 803.1 $/mt | +0.3% | +6.5% |
| TSP | 692 $/mt | +0.3% | +5.1% |
| Urea | 420 $/mt | +3.1% | +6.5% |
| Potassium chloride | 357.5 $/mt | −2.7% | +1.6% |
| Metals and minerals | |||
| Aluminum | 3,061 $/mt | −6.8% | +9.6% |
| Iron ore, cfr spot | 90.8 $/dmtu | −7.1% | −12.3% |
| Copper | 14,508 $/mt | +0.2% | +35.1% |
| Lead | 1,860 $/mt | −0.7% | −5.5% |
| Tin | 51,696 $/mt | −3.8% | +43.6% |
| Nickel | 15,436 $/mt | −5.4% | +2.3% |
| Zinc | 3,818 $/mt | −5% | +21.1% |
| Precious metals | |||
| Gold | 4,105 $/troy oz | −5% | +1.2% |
| Platinum | 1,621 $/troy oz | −9.1% | +0.3% |
| Silver | 57 $/troy oz | −11.8% | +15.4% |
The record
Each card's score calls USDA's next revision of the country's crop: 50 or more “cut likely”, 30 to 49 “cut possible”, under 30 “no cut expected”. When USDA revises (grains, oilseeds and cotton every month, about the 10th; coffee and sugar twice a year), the last call before it is checked against what USDA did.
| Call | Calls | USDA cut | Raised | Unchanged |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no cut expected | 403 | 30 | 32 | 341 |
| cut possible | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Sources
Crop figures: USDA FAS (PSD, Weekly Export Sales). Prices: World Bank Commodity Price Data (The Pink Sheet), CC BY 4.0. Hedge funds: CFTC Commitments of Traders. Weather: MET Norway (CC BY 4.0), normals from NASA POWER. Trade partners: CEPII BACI (Etalab Open Licence 2.0). Crop calendars after USDA FAS's; growing regions are the main ones of each main producer.
The same readings as data, free: GET /api/v1/commodities (and /map, /country/{code}, /prices, /weather, /scorecard).